Official ICCF Breed Description
Brief Historical Background
The Otterhound is an ancient British breed developed for otter hunting, a task requiring endurance, a powerful body, and the ability to work in water. The earliest references to otterhound-type dogs date back to the Middle Ages, when they were used to control the otter population, which caused significant damage to fisheries. The breed evolved in wetlands, rivers, and damp landscapes, which shaped its dense, water-resistant coat, exceptional scenting ability, and confident buoyancy. Otterhounds were renowned for following cold and old trails, working for hours, and maintaining stability in harsh weather conditions. In the 19th century, the breed was systematized; after otter hunting was banned, the Otterhound became rare and survived thanks to dedicated enthusiasts.
General Appearance
The Otterhound is a large, strong, rough-coated hound with heavy bone, developed musculature, and a pronounced working type. The body is deep, elongated, and well balanced, with a broad chest and generous lung capacity. The topline is straight and stable, the loin strong. Limbs are straight, sturdy, and adapted to extended work both in water and on land. The head is large and expressive, with long ears and a well-developed beard. The characteristic coat creates an impression of massiveness, yet the dog must remain agile and enduring. The Otterhound presents the image of a powerful, good-natured, but highly capable working dog, suitable for long searches and demanding conditions.
Important Proportions
The Otterhound has an elongated body with harmonious proportions between body length and height at the withers, ensuring stability and endurance during prolonged work. Chest depth is approximately half of the dog’s height, providing sufficient lung volume. The head is large and proportional to the body, with an extended muzzle. The neck is strong and of adequate length to support the head comfortably. Limb length must remain balanced—neither too short nor overly long—to maintain proper center of gravity. The back is straight, the loin firm, and the croup moderately sloping. All proportions should emphasize the breed’s functional purpose as a water hound.
Behavior and Temperament
The Otterhound has a calm, stable, and friendly temperament, preserving the traits of a working water hound. It is independent but not stubborn, with strong determination and the ability to work for long periods without fatigue. The dog is sociable, even-tempered, and good with people and other animals, not inclined to aggression. In everyday life, the Otterhound is active, curious, and guided by its hunting instinct and excellent scenting ability. The breed requires regular exercise, particularly activities involving water. Its behavior exhibits calmness, confidence, and persistence, making it reliable and predictable.
Head
The head of the Otterhound is large, elongated, and proportional to the body, with soft yet well-defined lines. The skull is broad and slightly arched, with a moderate stop. The forehead is somewhat long, without coarseness. The muzzle is deep and strong, approximately equal in length to the skull, with a straight or slightly convex nasal bridge. Lips are somewhat pendulous but not excessively, covering the jaws neatly. Cheeks are moderately developed. The preferred bite is scissor, and the teeth are strong and complete. The skin of the head forms light folds, especially around the cheeks and beard, accentuating breed type. The overall impression corresponds to that of a large water hound.
Foreface
The foreface is expressive, with a deep, powerful muzzle and characteristic rough hair forming a beard and whiskers. The nose is large, typically black or dark, with wide nostrils. The nasal bridge is straight or slightly convex. Lips are broad and moderately pendulous, fully covering the jaws. Jaws are strong, deep, and well developed. The skin is tight but may form slight folds along the sides. The expression is calm, gentle, yet attentive and work-oriented. The muzzle must not appear narrow or refined—depth and power are essential features of the hunting type.
Eyes
Eyes are medium-sized, oval, and deep-set, with a soft, attentive, and calm expression reflecting the breed’s friendly nature. Color ranges from dark hazel to deep brown, harmonizing with the coat. Eyelids are tight and correctly fitted, without sagging, which is important for eye protection during water work. Pigmentation of the eyelids is dark and enhances expression. Eyes must not be protruding or overly narrow. The Otterhound’s gaze combines thoughtfulness, calmness, and working concentration. Signs of irritation, watering, or incorrect shape are considered faults.
Ears
Ears are long, low-set, pendulous, and soft to the touch, with a narrow base and pronounced length. They are covered with long, rough hair forming characteristic wavy strands. Ears hang freely along the sides of the head without twisting. Tips of the ears reach the throat level or slightly lower. Correct length and set emphasize breed type and enhance scent perception during work. Ears that are too short, high-set, or insufficiently coated are undesirable. Ears must be healthy and mobile, with no signs of inflammation.
Neck
The neck is long, strong, and muscular, with a slight arch on the upper line, smoothly transitioning into the withers. Its length enables the dog to carry the head comfortably while tracking and moving in water. Skin on the neck is thick; a slight dewlap is acceptable and does not disrupt the outline. The neck must not be short, coarse, or thin—the strength and volume of the neck are essential. Well-developed neck musculature allows the dog to overcome water resistance and maintain steady movement during hunting. Correct head carriage emphasizes confidence and the working type.
Body
The body of the Otterhound is powerful, deep, and elongated, reflecting its purpose as a water hound. The topline is straight and stable without sagging. The withers are moderately pronounced and transition smoothly into the back. The back is long, firm, and well muscled. The loin is strong, broad, and slightly arched. The chest is very deep with considerable volume, providing significant lung capacity. The ribs extend well back, creating a long body. The belly is moderately tucked without sharp dryness. The croup is broad and slightly sloping. The body must convey strength, endurance, and the ability to work for long periods in water and on land.
Tail
The tail is long, strong at the base, and gradually tapers toward the tip. It is set moderately high and carried freely and naturally, without excessive curl. In repose it hangs down with a slight curve at the end. In motion it rises but must not curl over the back or form a ring. The tail is covered with long, coarse hair, giving it a characteristic rugged appearance. The tail enhances the dog’s silhouette and must harmonize with the body. Tails that are too short, kinked, tightly curled, or carried excessively high are incorrect.
Forequarters
Forequarters are strong, straight, with heavy bone and well-developed musculature. Shoulder blades are long, moderately sloping, and close-fitting, forming a correct shoulder angle for good reach. The upper arm is long and strong, proportional to the shoulder blade. Elbows are free, pointing straight back without turning. Forearms are straight, massive, and parallel. Pasterns are strong and firm, without softness. Front feet are large, round, with thick pads and tight toes, adapted for water work and endurance on varied terrain.
Hindquarters
Hindquarters are powerful and well developed, with substantial musculature that provides strong drive in both water and on land. Thighs are wide, long, and muscular. Lower thighs are dry and of correct length, forming harmonious angulation. Stifles are strong, well defined, and facing forward. Hocks are strong, low-set, ensuring stability and maneuverability; they must not be straight or excessively angled. Metatarsi are vertical and strong. Hind feet are large, round, with thick pads, well adapted to wet or uneven surfaces.
Gait and Movement
Movement of the Otterhound is free, springy, and even, with clear energy and coordination. At the trot the dog moves in a straight line with a wide, confident reach of the forelegs and powerful drive from the hindquarters. The topline remains stable without body sway. Movements must be economical, steady, and efficient, reflecting the breed’s purpose—following long trails and transitioning between water and land. Joint angulation must allow sufficient stride length without stiffness or exaggeration. Correct movement highlights endurance, balance, and functional capability.
Coat
The coat of the Otterhound is dense, harsh, and double, adapted for water work and rough terrain. The outer coat is long and coarse, forming characteristic waves and strands that protect the dog from moisture and cold. The undercoat is extremely dense, soft, and water-repellent, providing insulation and enabling work in low temperatures. Hair on the head, ears, and muzzle is longer, forming a beard, mustache, and eyebrows that emphasize breed type. The coat on the limbs and tail is also abundant and even. The coat must not be overly soft, straight, or short. A thin undercoat or weak texture is considered a fault.
Acceptable Colors
Acceptable colors include a broad range of natural tones characteristic of rough-coated hounds. Various shades of wheaten, gray, blue, liver, black, and mixed variations are permitted. Grizzling or uneven shading is common and highlights the rough texture. White markings on the chest, feet, or tail tip are allowed if they do not dominate or disrupt overall appearance. Pure white, bright red, patched, or extreme colors inconsistent with the historical type are not permitted. Color must harmonize with the coat texture.
Size
The Otterhound is a large hunting breed, reflected in its height, weight, and body volume. Height at the withers is typically about 69 cm for males and about 61 cm for females, while maintaining a strong and balanced format without heaviness. Adult weight ranges from 36 to 54 kg depending on bone, musculature, and overall condition. Proportions must support the breed’s working purpose: a deep chest, long body, and strong limbs ensure endurance and ability to work for extended periods in water. Deviations that disrupt balance or functionality are undesirable.
Faults
Faults include any deviations from breed type that reduce functional capability or disrupt structural harmony. These include insufficient bone, weak or narrow limbs, a soft topline, a weak croup, or insufficient chest depth. Uneven or overly soft coat, poor undercoat, or lack of rough texture are negative features. Head faults include a refined muzzle, weak jaws, high-set ears, or overly light eyes. Behavioral issues such as excessive timidity, lack of focus, or weak working motivation also count as faults.
Disqualifying Faults
Disqualifying traits include serious deviations that destroy breed type or functional ability. Aggression, panic behavior, or an unstable nervous system are absolute grounds for disqualification. Incorrect bite, missing canines or several essential teeth, significant limb deformities, severe lameness, or coordination problems are not allowed. Extreme or incorrect colors, large white patches, fully white dogs, or marked pigment deficiencies are disqualifying. Alopecia, extremely soft coat, poorly developed musculature, and congenital or genetic defects affecting health or work ability are also disqualifying.
Important Notes
Evaluation must consider the breed’s historical role as a water hound working in harsh wetland conditions. The exterior must remain functional, not decorative. Moderate ruggedness is acceptable and typical due to coat texture. Seasonal coat changes may affect appearance, but the undercoat must remain dense. Young dogs may temporarily show proportional inconsistency due to growth. Behavioral stability and even temperament are key. Special attention is given to working temperament, endurance, and confidence, reflecting natural ability and functional type.
Conclusion
The Otterhound is a rare and unique breed combining power, endurance, steady temperament, and the ability to work both in water and on land. Within the ICCF system, participation in shows and breeding is permitted only for dogs with official ICCF documents confirming origin, identification, and conformity to the breed standard. Evaluation emphasizes preservation of working qualities and typical characteristics, including strong body, coarse coat, stability, and calm temperament. The Otterhound should convey the image of a strong, functional, and well-balanced dog capable of performing its traditional tasks and remaining a reliable partner.
